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Heart Care
Heart care refers to the medical management and treatment of conditions affecting the heart and circulatory system. It involves a range of approaches to prevent, diagnose, and treat cardiovascular disease, which is a leading cause of death worldwide.
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Cardiology
Cardiology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and disorders related to the heart and circulatory system. Cardiologists are medical specialists who are trained to diagnose and manage a range of heart-related conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and valvular heart disease.
Non-Invasive Tests:
- Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG)
- Echocardiography
- Stress testing (exercise or pharmacological)
- Holter monitoring
- Cardiac MRI
- Cardiac CT
- Doppler ultrasound
- Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)
- Nuclear cardiology tests (such as myocardial perfusion imaging)
Interventional Procedures:
- Cardiac catheterization
- Angioplasty (percutaneous coronary intervention, or PCI)
- Stent placement
- Atherectomy (removal of plaque buildup in arteries)
- Thrombectomy (removal of blood clots)
- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
- Valve repair or replacement surgery
- Pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement
- Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
- Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) procedures
It is important to note that this list is not exhaustive and that the specific tests and procedures recommended for a patient will depend on their individual medical needs and circumstances.
Cardiovascular Surgery
Cardiovascular surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the heart, lungs, and other organs of the circulatory system. Also known as cardiothoracic surgery, it involves a range of surgical procedures that aim to repair or replace damaged or diseased tissue, arteries, or valves in the heart and surrounding blood vessels.
Cardiovascular surgery may be required to treat a range of conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, and congenital heart defects. The procedures involved may be performed using traditional open surgery techniques, or they may be minimally invasive, using small incisions and specialized instruments.
Here are the common treatment;
- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) - a surgical procedure that reroutes blood flow around blocked or narrowed arteries in the heart.
- Valve repair or replacement surgery - a surgical procedure that repairs or replaces damaged or diseased heart valves.
- Heart transplant - a surgical procedure that replaces a failing or diseased heart with a healthy donor heart.
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm repair - a surgical procedure that repairs a weakened and enlarged section of the aorta in the chest.
- Aortic valve replacement - a surgical procedure that replaces a diseased or damaged aortic valve with a prosthetic valve.
- Mitral valve repair or replacement - a surgical procedure that repairs or replaces a diseased or damaged mitral valve.
- Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation - a surgical procedure that implants a mechanical device to help the heart pump blood in patients with severe heart failure.
- Maze procedure - a surgical procedure that creates scar tissue in the heart to redirect the electrical impulses that cause atrial fibrillation.
- Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy - a surgical procedure that removes blood clots from the pulmonary arteries in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
- Patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure - a minimally invasive procedure that closes a small hole in the heart that did not close properly after birth.
It's important to note that this list is not exhaustive and that the specific surgeries recommended for a patient will depend on their individual medical needs and circumstances.