Interventional Radiology

Interventional radiology is a medical specialty that involves performing minimally invasive procedures, often using imaging guidance, to diagnose and treat a variety of medical conditions. This field uses a range of imaging technologies such as X-rays, ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI to precisely guide medical instruments to the target area within the body, without the need for traditional open surgery. These procedures can be used to treat a wide range of conditions including cancer, vascular diseases, and many other medical conditions. Interventional radiology offers patients less pain, shorter recovery times, and a reduced risk of complications compared to traditional surgical methods.

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Common Interventional Procedures

Here is a comprehensive list of some common interventional procedures performed by interventional radiologists:

1. Angioplasty and Stenting: A procedure used to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels using a small balloon catheter and a stent to keep the vessel open.
2. Embolization: A procedure used to block blood flow to an abnormal area or tumor using a variety of materials, including particles or coils.
3. Biopsy: A procedure used to remove a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope to determine the presence of disease.
4. Drainage: A procedure used to remove fluid or pus from a body cavity or abscess using a small catheter.
5. Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: Procedures used to treat spinal compression fractures by injecting bone cement into the damaged area of the vertebra.
6. Thrombolysis: A procedure used to dissolve blood clots using medication delivered directly to the clot.
7. Ablation: A procedure used to destroy abnormal tissues or cells, often to treat cancer, arrhythmias, or uterine fibroids.
8. Fistulogram and Fistuloplasty: Procedures used to create or repair a fistula (a connection between an artery and vein) to allow for easier access for dialysis treatment.
9. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS): A procedure used to reduce pressure in the liver by creating a shunt between the portal vein and hepatic vein.
10. Uterine Artery Embolization: A procedure used to block blood supply to uterine fibroids using tiny beads delivered through a catheter.
11. Radiofrequency Ablation: A procedure in which high-frequency electrical currents are used to destroy abnormal tissues or cells, often to treat cancer or certain types of pain.
12. Central Venous Access: A procedure in which a catheter is placed into a large vein, often in the chest, to allow for easier access for chemotherapy, blood transfusions, or other treatments.
13. Chemoembolization Delivery: A treatment option for some types of liver cancer, where the blood supply to the tumor is blocked and chemotherapy drugs are delivered directly to the tumor site.
14. Varicose Vein Treatment: Procedures used to treat varicose veins, such as endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA), where a catheter is inserted into the affected vein and energy is used to heat and seal the vein.
15. Biliary Drainage and Stenting: A procedure used to treat blockages or narrowing in the bile ducts using a small catheter and stent.
16. Gastrostomy Tube Placement: A procedure used to place a feeding tube directly into the stomach through the abdomen.
17. Nephrostomy Tube Placement: A procedure used to place a small catheter into the kidney through the skin to allow urine to drain.
18. Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC): A procedure used to examine the bile ducts using contrast dye and X-rays.
19. Thoracentesis and Pleural Drainage: Procedures used to remove fluid or air from around the lungs using a small needle or catheter.
20. Ureteral Stent Placement: A procedure used to place a small stent in the ureter to allow urine to flow from the kidney to the bladder.